Bluetooth is a wireless protocol for exchanging data over short distances from fixed and mobile devices, creating personal area networks. Bluetooth – definition
Its a short-range wireless technology standard used for exchanging data between fixed and mobile devices over short distances using UHF radio waves in the ISM bands, from 2.402 GHz to 2.48 GHz, and building personal area networks (PANs). It was originally conceived as a wireless alternative to RS-232 data cables.
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| Developed by | Bluetooth Special Interest Group |
|---|---|
| Introduced | 7 May 1989 |
| Industry | Personal area networks |
| Compatible hardware | Personal computers Smartphones Gaming consoles Audio devices |
| Physical range | Typically less than 10 m (33 ft), up to 100 m (330 ft) Bluetooth 5.0: 40–400 m (100–1,000 ft) More than a kilometer, Less than a meter |
Bluetooth is managed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), which has more than 35,000 member companies in the areas of telecommunication, computing, networking, and consumer electronics. The IEEE standardized Bluetooth as IEEE 802.15.1, but no longer maintains the standard. The Bluetooth SIG oversees development of the specification, manages the qualification program, and protects the trademarks. A manufacturer must meet Bluetooth SIG standards to market it as a Bluetooth device. A network of patents apply to the technology, which are licensed to individual qualifying devices. As of 2009, Bluetooth integrated circuit chips ship approximately 920 million units annually.
There are two important parameters of Bluetooth devices – class and supported profiles.
“Class” signifies the distance at which a Bluetooth connection is possible. Most mobile devices are Class 2, which means they have a range of up to 10 m. Class 1 devices are rare and have a range of up to 100 feet.
A “profile” is a type of Bluetooth connection. The most common are the Headset (HSP) and Handsfree (HFP) profiles that enable the device to connect to a wireless headset or handsfree.
Some other profiles are OBEX (OBject EXchange) which allows transfer of files, contacts and events; A2DP, which adds support for streaming of stereo sound and AVRC, which allows remote control of playback. Bluetooth – definition
Etymology
The name “Bluetooth” was proposed in 1997 by Jim Kardach of Intel, who developed a system that would allow mobile phones to communicate with computers. At the time of this proposal, he was reading Frans G. Bengtsson‘s historical novel The Long Ships about Vikings and the 10th-century Danish King Harald Bluetooth.
Bluetooth is the Anglicised version of the Scandinavian Blåtand/Blåtann (or in Old Norse blátǫnn). It was the epithet of King Harald Bluetooth who united dissonant Danish tribes into a single kingdom, the implication being that Bluetooth unites communication protocols.
Bluetooth Logo
The Bluetooth logo 
is a bind rune merging the Younger Futhark runes 
(ᚼ, Hagall) and 
(ᛒ, Bjarkan), Harald’s initials.
Bluetooth History
The development of the “short-link” radio technology, later named Bluetooth, was initiated in 1989 by Nils Rydbeck, CTO at Ericsson Mobile in Lund, Sweden. The purpose was to develop wireless headsets, according to two inventions by Johan Ullman, SE 8902098-6, issued 1989-06-12 and SE 9202239, issued 1992-07-24. Nils Rydbeck tasked Tord Wingren with specifying and Dutchman Jaap Haartsen and Sven Mattisson with developing. Both were working for Ericsson in Lund. In 1990, Jaap Haartsen was nominated by the European Patent Office for the European Inventor Award. From 1997 Örjan Johansson became the project leader and propelled the technology and standardization
